TCP/IP Protocol Suite

                        

        Basic protocols

IP (Internet Protocol)

Connectionless protocol used for moving data around a network.

TCP (Transmission Control Protocol)

Connection oriented protocol that offer flow control, sequencing and retransmission of dropped packet.

UDP (User Datagram Protocol)

Connectionless alternative to TCP used for application that do not require the function offered by TCP.

FTP (File Transfer Protocol)

Protocol for uploading and downloading files to and for a remote host; also accommodates basic file management tasks.

SFTP (Secure File Transfer Protocol )

Protocol for securely and downloading files to and for a remote host. Based on SSH Security.

TFTP (Trivial File Transfer Protocol)

File Transfer Protocol that does not have the security or error checking of FTP. TFTP uses UDP as transport protocol and is therefore connectionless.

SMTP (Simple Mail Transfer Protocol )

Mechanism for transporting e-mails across networks.

HTTP  (Hypertext Transfer Protocol )

Protocol for retrieving files from a web server .

HTTPS  (Hypertext Transfer Protocol Secure )

Secure Protocol for retrieving files from a web server .

POP3/IMAP4 (Post Office Protocol/Internet Message Access Protocol )

Used for retrieving e-mails from  server on a which the mail is stored. Can be used only to retrieving e-mail. IMAP and POP cannot be used to send email.

Telnet

Enables sessions to be opened on a remote host.

SSH (Secure Shell )

Enables secure sessions to be opened on a remote host

.

ICMP (Internet Control Message Protocol )

Used on IP based networks for error reporting, flow control, and route host.

ARP (Address Resolution Protocol)

Resolves IP address to MAC address to enable communication between devices.

RARP (Reverse Address Resolution Protocol )

Resolves  MAC address to IP address.

NTP (Network Time Protocol)

Used to communicate time synchronization  information between devices.

NNTP (Network News Transport Protocol)

Facilities the access and downloading of messages from news group servers.

SCP (Secure Copy Protocol)

Enables files to be copied securely between two systems. Uses Secure Shell (SSH) technology to provide encryption services.

LDAP (Lightweight Directory Access Protocol )

Protocol used to access and query directory services system, such as Novell Directory Services and Microsoft Active Directories.

IGMP (Internet Group Management Protocol

Provides a mechanism for systems within the same multicast group to register and communicate with each other.

DNS (Domain Name System )

Resolve hostnames to IP address.

DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol )

Automatically assign   TC/IP information.

SNMP (Simple Network Management Protocol )

Enables network devices to communicate information about their state to a central system. It also enables the central system to pass configuration parameters to the devices.

TLS (Transport Layer Security )

A security protocol design to ensure privacy between communicating client/server applications.

SIP (Session Initiation Protocol )

An application-layer protocol designed to establish maintain multimedia session such as internet telephony calls.

RTP (Real-time Transport Protocol )

The internet standard protocol for the transport of real-time data.

Protocols	Port No	TCP/UDP	OSI Layer
IP		TCP	Network L3
TCP	179	TCP	Transport L4
UDP	520		Transport L4
FTP	20,21	TCP	Application L1
SFTP	22	TCP	Application L1
TFTP	69	UDP	Application L1
SMTP	25	TCP	Application L1
HTTP	80	TCP/ UDP	Application L1
HTTPS	110	TCP/ UDP	Application L1
POP3/IMAP4	110,114	TCP	Application L1
Telnet	23	TCP	Application L1
SSH	22		Application L1
ICMP	7		Network L3
NTP	123	TCP	Application L1
NNTP	119	TCP	Application L1
SCP	22		Application L1
LDAP	389		Application L1
DNS	53	TCP/UDP	Application L1
DHCP	80	UDP	Application L1
SNMP	161	UDP	Application L1
SIP	5060	TCP,UDP	Application L1
RIP	520	UDP	Application L1